Potting Soils, an Overview

"Potting soil isn't dirt," says Ross. "It's made up of amendments." According to Ross, great potting soil is similar to a time-honored recipe, and to achieve the best results, you need to start with the best ingredients. "I look for a good mix of peat moss, also compost, fertilizers and some pumice for aeration of your potting soil."

Soil recipes and amendments vary according to location and utilize raw materials from different regions. Soils may also be specially mixed with certain plant needs in mind. "You'll find all types of potting soil for all types of plants," says James. "For example, there's an African violet mix, an orchid mix, a cactus mix, a bonsai mix--all geared to meet the needs of whatever you're planting."

"The end product is a unique blend of organic matter, minerals, living organisms and air--all the requirements for healthy soil," says James. Through the careful selection and combination of the ingredients the healthy soil result also means a clean soil, free of pathogens and weed seeds. However, remember that while many soils are embellished with enough fertilizer to last a full growing season, you will still need to apply additional fertilizer, especially for container gardens. Adding a couple of inches of fresh potting soil to the bottom and sides of the container when re-potting plants will also help replenish depleted nutrients.