Spain, New York, Sweden

World Garden Tour : Episode WGT-109 -- More Projects »
Romantic Garden of El Labyrinth d'Horta
Barcelona, Spain

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El Labyrinth d'Horta is a public park in Barcelona, Spain that was formerly part of the estate of Antonie Duvalle. All of its many beautiful and extravagant sections lead to the infamous cypress tree maze which gives the park its name. Added in 1853 but not opened to the public in 1971, the Romantic Garden is intended to communicate a 19th century Romantic world view: the atmosphere conveys the spirit of the imagination, emotions and a bit of melancholy. Many waterfalls and pools create a wet microclimate in arid Barcelona. Aquatic plants such as the papyrus--whose stalks can grow to heights of ten to thirteen feet--and water lilies dot the pools.

The Romantic Garden's dry stone wall, quiet pools and lush ferns give it the look of an overgrown ruin. There are not many flowers here, but rather a large expanse of green perennial plants and trees. The green beds are easy to maintain and look consistent throughout the year, a feature that has been copied by 20th century gardeners. The beautiful patterns created by water, sunshine and shadows in the Romantic Garden combine to make the garden appear bigger than it actually is.

Curator Luis Abad notes that the Romantic Garden in the Labyrinth d'Horta tells the story of man's struggle with life and his conception of death. To remind visitors of the delicacy of life, a false cemetery was originally constructed in a corner of the garden. Ironically, the cemetery has all but disappeared except for a small hut. Visitors to the Romantic Garden will find a mysterious and enchanted space in the middle of Barcelona.

Rooftops of Manhattan

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New Yorkers live in a forest of glass and steel, and natural spaces can be hard to find. But two Manhattanites are fortunate enough to have green retreats right outside their apartments on their rooftop garden terraces.

The nine terraces outside of interior designer Freiderike Biggs' Park Avenue penthouse provide natural extensions of her magnificent interiors. Landscape architect John Carlofits achieved a sense of harmony between Biggs' rooms and her garden areas by continuing the color scheme of each indoor space out to the terraces beyond. On one terrace, blue flowers such as lobelia echo the blue colors of Biggs' office. The pink terrace, outside of her bedroom, features roses and loosestrife. Some less attractive parts of the terrace are disguised--such as the elevator shaft camouflaged with a garden mural. Large, mature trees in planters afford both beauty and privacy and prove that gardening in a high-rise building doesn't have to mean limiting trees to young, small-scale versions. Author Abbie Zabar's terrace overlooks Central Park, which she calls the "best lawn in the whole world."

Zabar's own design for the garden relies on evergreens that withstand New York's winter climate. The garden's yew and hornbeam bushes can alternately screen out the city or take in its spectacular view. Hollowed cobblestones serve as planters for Zabar's alpine collection of flowers, including saxifrage and hens and chicks. Stones are used to prevent Zabar's more delicate garden chairs from blowing around in the winds that buffet her building from the park. Abbie Zabar chose her apartment because its 800-square-foot terrace actually was larger than her indoor living space. On the terrace, she can stylishly balance the big city with nature, creating "green architecture" to complement New York's famous buildings.

Millesgarden, Sweden

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Millesgarden, home of Swedish sculptor Carl Milles, is located on the island of Lidingo 15 miles from the center of Stockholm. What began as a private estate is now an exhibition center for Milles' bronzes. Carl Milles, born June 23, 1875, was a self-taught sculptor whose expressive, rhythmical works have themes of Greek mythology, astrology, and water creatures. He bought the Millesgarden property in 1908, and during the next 50 years completed construction of the house and the terraces surrounding it.

The site of Millesgarden was originally a stark cliff overlooking Stockholm. Carl Milles carved into it a series of terraces decorated with fountains and sculptures. The first of the terraces was completed in 1909 when the house was finished. Four large staircases descend the cliff to the lowest terraces, which were built in the 1950's after Milles retired to Sweden.

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Plantings in the Millesgarden echo some of the beautiful Mediterranean gardens of Italy, which Carl Milles admired. It was impossible to use Italian cypresses in Sweden's cold climate, so Milles substituted the hardier juniper bush to achieve the same vertical look. Other plants and trees include rhododendron, boxwood and birch. Flowers, which are infrequently used in the Millesgarden, include the Indian crest and water lilies in the pools.

An unusual feature of Millesgarden's lower terraces are the stone columns thrusting skyward with sculptures at the top. These sculptures are difficult to view from nearby but easier to see at a distance. The reason for this unusual placement is that there was no bridge to Lidingo when Milles acquired the property. The sculptures atop the 18- to 30-foot columns were designed to be seen in silhouette against the sky; they appear to be momentarily resting on columns as if in flight. This placement of sculpture is an example of Frank Lloyd Wright's cantilever principle of architecture applied in a sculptural setting.

Resources
Information on Barcelona
Asociacion Espanola de Parques y Jardines Publicos
URL: www.aepjp.com

Information on the Gardens of New York
The Frick Collection
Website: www.frick.org

Millesgarden
Millesgarden
Website: www.millesgarden.se

Public Gardens In New York
Bartow-Pell Mansion Museum and Gardens
Website: www.bartowpellmansionmuseum.org Also in this Episode