4. Center leather-hard bowl upside down on the wheel head and adhere with lumps of clay. Turn excess clay with steel tool. Mark the diameter of the cylinder opening on the bottom of the bowl. Using the steel knife cut out the drum's sound hole while turning the wheel to assure symmetry (figure C). 5. Using clay slip (a mixture of clay and water to the consistency of pudding), join the bell (cylinder) of the drum onto the upside down head (bowl shape) (figure D). Use the wheel to help center the bell onto the drumhead. Let dry for several hours under a plastic bag.
6. Draw a raised tree design with slip applicator for thin lines (figure E). Tip: Insert clay slip into a mustard bottle or pastry bag to form thick lines.
7. Let dry slowly under a plastic bag until completely dry, and then fire in kiln to 1800 degrees.
8. Apply glazes using a spray gun (figure F) or paintbrushes. Let dry over night, and then fire to 2260 degrees (figure G).
9. Cut a hole in one piece of plywood slightly larger in diameter than the widest part of drum using the jig saw. Cut a smaller hole in a second piece of plywood large enough to pass over the bell end of the drum stem (figure H). Drill four corresponding 3/4-inch holes in the plywood to line up the 10-inch bolts (figure I).
10. Soak the goat hide for several hours in warm water until it becomes soft. Nail it to the first piece of plywood using carpet tacks spaced about 1/4 inch apart.